Comments:Turk. *deŋgiŕ 'sea' (ЭСТЯ 3, 194-195; > Mong. teŋgis, see Clark 1980, 39) may also belong here (with a secondary voicing). See SKE 280, EAS 145. Cf. *t`i̯oŋe 'air or water space'.
Comments:Poppe 14, 45. Despite Doerfer MT 52, TM cannot be borrowed from Mong. The Kor. verb has a typical low tone. Kor. tabal 'bundle, bunch' (see Martin 227), which we have attributed to PA *t`ĕp`á, seems to be a better match for Jpn. *tà(n)pá, but Jpn. also has *ta(m)pua 'knot of hair', and the two roots actively interacted in the Kor.-Jpn. area.
Comments:Mongolian has alone preserved the Nostratic 2d p. stem *t`i; other Altaic languages have retained only the other stem *si (*si̯a), with the oblique stem *nV.
Comments:EAS 88. A Western isogloss. Initial *d- in Turkic is due to assimilation, but borrowing in Mong. from Turk. cannot be accepted, despite TMN 2, 671, Щербак 1997, 154.
Comments:KW 439, Poppe 15, 16, 55, Мудрак Дисс. 37-38. Cf. also Kor. tìk-mǝ̀k- = MJpn. túí-pam- 'to peck' (lit. 'press and eat'). In TM one would rather expect *-x-; this means perhaps that we could reconstruct *t`ĭ́kù, with assimilation in Mongolian.
Comments:A Turk.-Jpn. isogloss: but a possibility exists that the root is actually a contraction < *t`emi-t`a, derived from PA *t`emV q. v. (for the parallel PT *tint- : Mong. temteri- see KW 391).
Comments:A Kor.-Jpn. isogloss; not quite secure because of vowel reduction and metathesis in Korean (for a similar case cf. Kor. *psɨ́r- 'sweep' < PA *šĭp`V).
Comments:A Western isogloss. Mong. *toguɣan must be a case of labial attraction < *tagu-ɣan. But cf. also *t`i̯ákù, as well as Kor. tok `earthenware vessel', togani 'earthenware dish in which metal or glue is melted' ( < Mong.?); cf. also a Wanderwort in Tung. (Ul. tukuru etc. 'bottle'), Ainu tokkuri, Jpn. tok(k)uri 'bottle', Kor. tuguri 'round metal dish'.
Comments:Except for open *-e- in Turkic (one would expect *-ẹ-) correspondences seem regular - but the root is very similar to *t`i̯age q. v., as well as to some regional Wanderwörter, so there may have been some confusion of different etyma.
